During which period did the Aztec civilization flourish?

The Aztec civilization flourished during the 15th and 16th Century, specifically from the early 14th century until the Spanish conquest in the early 16th century. This was the time when the Aztecs established their empire, which became one of the most powerful and influential in Mesoamerica, marked by significant advancements in agriculture, architecture, and social organization.

During this period, the Aztecs expanded their territory through military conquest and established a complex society with impressive pyramids, temples, and a highly developed system of trade. The capital, Tenochtitlan, became an important urban center with a population that evidenced their advancements in various cultural aspects, such as religion, art, and astronomy.

The other periods listed do not accurately reflect the height of Aztec civilization. The 12th and 13th Century precede their major establishment, while the 17th and 18th Century were largely dominated by Spanish colonial rule, marking a decline in the Aztec culture. The 14th and 15th Century saw the rise of the Aztecs, but their most significant achievements and influence peaked in the 15th and 16th Century.