What characterizes Modern Art in the 20th and 21st centuries?

Modern Art in the 20th and 21st centuries is characterized by a profound rejection of traditional artistic forms. This movement emerged as artists began to explore new modes of expression and moved away from established conventions of representation, composition, and subject matter. The exploration of abstraction, experimentation with new materials, and incorporation of conceptual ideas became central to Modern Art.

Artists sought to challenge and redefine the boundaries of art, often reflecting the rapidly changing social and technological landscapes of their times. This rejection of traditional forms allowed for diverse expressions, leading to movements such as Cubism, Surrealism, and Abstract Expressionism, among others. It also opened the door to a plethora of styles and mediums, paving the way for contemporary art practices.

In contrast, the other options suggest limitations that do not reflect the nature of Modern Art. A focus solely on historical themes, an exclusive focus on realism, or an emphasis on craftsmanship and manual techniques run contrary to the innovative and diverse spirit that defines Modern Art. Instead, Modern Art is marked by its exploration of new ideas and its break from the past, illustrating a dynamic evolution in artistic expression.