What does the term "Avant-Garde" refer to in art?

The term "Avant-Garde" refers to art that introduces or explores new forms, ideas, and subject matter. This movement is characterized by a departure from traditional practices and the pursuit of pushing boundaries within the art world. Artists who identify with the Avant-Garde often challenge the status quo, experiment with innovative techniques, and address contemporary societal issues through their work. This approach has historically played a crucial role in shaping modern art, leading to the development of various movements such as Cubism, Surrealism, and Abstract Expressionism.

In contrast, options that describe art as remaining traditional, focused on commercial success, or adhering strictly to historical techniques are not representative of Avant-Garde art. These alternatives imply a conservatism that contradicts the fundamental nature of Avant-Garde, which is about innovation and exploration. Therefore, the essence of Avant-Garde lies in its commitment to breaking new ground and redefining artistic practices.