What is the meaning of the term 'pentimento' in painting?

The term 'pentimento' refers to a hidden change that the artist has made during the painting process. It arises when an artist alters a painting and later becomes visible, often due to the transparency of layers over time. As a result, elements that were previously covered can sometimes re-emerge, revealing earlier decisions and techniques. This concept reflects the artistic practice of making revisions and adjustments as the work evolves.

In contrast to other choices, 'pentimento' does not relate to distance viewing aspects, color harmony, or a specific art movement. Instead, it concerns the nature of the artwork itself and the artist's process, highlighting the dynamic nature of creating art.