Which art movement is characterized by a playful and ironic approach, questioning established narratives?

The art movement known for its playful and ironic approach while also questioning established narratives is Postmodernism. This movement emerged in the late 20th century as a reaction against the principles and ideas upheld by modernism, which often featured a sense of confidence and belief in the universal truths and grand narratives.

Postmodernism is characterized by its embrace of multiplicity, fragmentation, and skepticism towards authority and tradition. Artists within this movement often utilized humor, parody, and pastiche to challenge and deconstruct existing ideologies, media, and cultural norms. By doing so, they encouraged audiences to rethink established narratives rather than accepting them at face value.

In contrast, Impressionism focuses on capturing light and momentary effects, while Expressionism emphasizes emotional experience over physical reality, and Surrealism explores the realm of dreams and the unconscious mind. Each of these movements has unique characteristics that do not primarily engage in questioning narratives in the same playful and ironic manner as Postmodernism.